Genome architecture and diverged selection shaping pattern of genomic differentiation in wild barley
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
8-19-2022
Journal Title
Plant Biotechnology Journal
ISSN
1467-7644
Keywords
chromosome inversion, cis-regulatory mutation, drought response, evolution canyon, flowering time, local principal component analysis
Disciplines
Agricultural Science | Agriculture | Agronomy and Crop Sciences | Plant Breeding and Genetics
Abstract
Divergent selection of populations in contrasting environments leads to functional genomic divergence. However, the genomic architecture underlying heterogeneous genomic differentiation remains poorly understood. Here, we de novo assembled two high-quality wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum K. Koch) genomes and examined genomic differentiation and gene expression patterns under abiotic stress in two populations. These two populations had a shared ancestry and originated in close geographic proximity but experienced different selective pressures due to their contrasting micro-environments. We identified structural variants that may have played significant roles in affecting genes potentially associated with well-differentiated phenotypes such as flowering time and drought response between two wild barley genomes. Among them, a 29-bp insertion into the promoter region formed a cis-regulatory element in theHvWRKY45gene, which may contribute to enhanced tolerance to drought. A single SNP mutation in the promoter region may influenceHvCO5expression and be putatively linked to local flowering time adaptation. We also revealed significant genomic differentiation between the two populations with ongoing gene flow. Our results indicate that SNPs and small SVs link to genetic differentiation at the gene level through local adaptation and are maintained through divergent selection. In contrast, large chromosome inversions may have shaped the heterogeneous pattern of genomic differentiation along the chromosomes by suppressing chromosome recombination and gene flow. Our research offers novel insights into the genomic basis underlying local adaptation and provides valuable resources for the genetic improvement of cultivated barley.
Recommended Citation
Zhang, W,
Tan, C,
Hu, H,
Pan, R,
Xiao, Y,
Ouyang, K,
Jia, Y,
Zhang, X,
Hill, C,
Wang, P,
Chapman, B,
Han, Y,
Zhou, G,
Xu, L,
Xu, Y,
Angessa, T,
Luo, H,
Westcott, S,
Sharma, D,
Nevo, E,
Barrero, R,
Bellgard, M I,
He, T,
Tian, X,
and
Li, C.
(2022), Genome architecture and diverged selection shaping pattern of genomic differentiation in wild barley. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 21 (1), 46-62.
https://library.dpird.wa.gov.au/fc_researchart/7
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