Control of common heliotrope (Heliotropium europaeum L.) with herbicides

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

8-2024

Conference Title

23rd Australasian Weeds Conference - Breaking the Cycle: Towards Sustainable Weed Mangement

Place of Publication

Brisbane

ISBN

978-0-646-70156-1

Keywords

2, 4-D, amitrole, camel melon, caustic weed, Chamaesyce drummondii, Chenopodium pumilio, Citrullus amarus, Citrullus lanatus, control, crumbweed, diflufenican, diquat, Dysphania pumilio, Euphorbia drummondii, fluroxypyr, glufosinate, glyphosate, heliotrope, Heliotropium europaeum, herbicides, paraquat, picloram, terbutryn, triclopyr.

Disciplines

Weed Science

Abstract

Common heliotrope (Heliotropium europaeum L.) is a toxic weed of pastures and crops that is difficult to control and has multiple germinations over summer. Delaying control until the final germination has often resulted in poor control of the mature plants. Twenty-six herbicides were tested for their efficacy on mature heliotrope in replicated trials at two sites in Western Australia. A logarithmic sprayer was used to apply the herbicides at rates up to 10 times the normal use rates. Glyphosate (360 g/L) as Roundup® at 1L/ha, diquat 115g/L + paraquat 135g/L as Spray.Seed® at 1 L/ha, glufosinate-ammonium (200 g/L) as Basta® at 2 L/ha or amitrole (250g/L) + ammonium thiocyanate (220 g/L) as Amitrole T® at 4 L/ha provided adequate control of flowering to seeding heliotrope. Five other herbicides (diflufenican, fluroxypyr, terbutryn, 2,4-D + picloram and aminopyralid + picloram + triclopyr also provided control at high rates of application. Assessments of the companion weeds, small crumbweed (Dysphania pumilio R. Br.), camel melon (Citrullus amarus Schrad.) and caustic weed (Euphorbia drummondii Boiss.) allowed recommendations for mixed infestations to be made. Assessment of the following wheat crop indicated that none of the herbicides used had significant residual effects.

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