Biochemistry of plant-microbe symbioses explains ironstone gravel formation and ecological function

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

6-2023

Conference Title

2023 Soil Science Australia Conference - Our Soil: Spirit of a Nation

Place of Publication

Darwin

Keywords

plant-microbe symbioses, Ironstone gravel, iron nodule, biogenesis, diazotrophy, laterite, nitrogenase

Disciplines

Soil Science

Abstract

Chemical weathering and hydromorphy are widely invoked in earth science disciplines to explain formation of ‘laterite and ironstone gravel’ (LG). The presence of LG is used regularly to infer age and paleoclimate conditions, despite extensive data disputing these notions: polar wander paths place LG landscapes at high latitude at supposed time of formation; oxygen isotope and stratigraphy studies infer formation of LG in cold climates; radio-isotope data from diverse LG around the world conclude recent, episodic, and perhaps continuous, formation of LG.

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